Quartararo had been on pole position in the last three races on the Jerez circuit and continued that run on Saturday, 0.057 seconds ahead of fellow Yamaha Morbidelli.
Ducati’s Jack Miller was promoted to a Q2 slot despite the 11th RP3 as Morbidelli canceled a round after the session that dropped him into Q1.
Miller set the initial benchmark at 1: 37.248 seconds, but this was immediately erased by Quartararo on the factory Yamaha.
The Frenchman walked almost half a second off the field with a time of 1: 36.807 seconds, although the Q1 pacemaker Morbidelli reduced this advantage to just 0.005 seconds in his first flight lap in the second quarter on the SRT M1 with A specification.
The preliminary first row after the first few runs was completed by FP3 pacemaker Takaaki Nakagami on an LCR Honda with the frame he rode last year.
Quartararo found only a marginal amount of time on his final flight lap, producing 1: 36.755 seconds to finish first and finish in the top 10 with just 0.399 seconds.
Morbidelli wiped off the disappointment of being promoted to the first quarter by moving his older Yamaha into second place on the grid. Miller attempted to convert his net worth from number three in 2021.
Miller was able to jump in the front row with his Ducati teammate Francesco Bagnaia for reference, with the Italian finishing fourth on his last attempt.
Nakagami was the best Honda rider in fifth ahead of Pramacs Johann Zarco, while Maverick Vinales was relegated to third row on his factory Yamaha in seventh.
Aleix Espargaro will be disappointed with eighth place at Aprilia after finishing top three on Friday and qualifying fifth in qualifiers while the Suzuki duo of Alex Rins and Joan Mir work ninth and tenth respectively Has.
Brad Binder followed Morbidelli through the first quarter but only had one fresh soft tire for the second quarter. His 1: 37.467 minutes were only good enough for 11th place in the KTM ahead of the HRC wildcard Stefan Bradl.
Miguel Oliveira was supposed to start 13th after a late improvement in the first quarter, but the KTM rider had canceled his final lap due to exceeding the track limits and dropped to 16th place.
This boosted both Honda factory riders, with Pol Espargaro just 0.057 seconds out of a Q2 spot in 13th place and recovering from an identical crash in FP4 against teammate Marc Marquez at turn 7 in FP3.
Marquez set the first pace in the first quarter but will start the second race of his comeback in 14th after being cleared for continuation after hospital checks following his fall in the third quarter.
Enea Bastianini on the Avintia Ducati was moved to 15th place thanks to Oliveira’s downgrade, with Valentino Rossi struggling with a lack of recourse to his Petronas SRT Yamaha head from Avintia-mounted half-brother Luca Marini in 17th place.
Danilo Petrucci was 19th on his Tech 3 KTM, with Alex Marquez from LCR, Iker Lecuona (Tech 3), Lorenzo Savadori from Aprilia and Tito Rabat from Pramac completing the grid.